ABSTRACT
Introducción: El estado funcional se mide mediante la autonomía que tienen las personas para desarrollar las actividades de la vida diaria, cuando no se pueden realizar de manera autónoma es necesario un cuidador. Esta medida se sustenta en el modelo de adaptación de Sor Callista Roy, ya que se identifica el proceso de envejecimiento como el estímulo focal que produce una respuesta inmediata en el adulto mayor de acuerdo con el modo de interdependencia. Objetivo: Conocer el nivel de dependencia funcional de los adultos mayores de la comunidad de Tula de Allende, Hidalgo. Material y métodos: Estudio de aplicabilidad básica, cuantitativo, descriptivo y trasversal. Participaron 366 adultos mayores de Tula de Allende, y se les dio a conocer los términos de confidencialidad conforme a lo establecido en la Ley General de Salud y Declaración de Helsinki mediante el consentimiento informado. Se aplicó el cuestionario de Índice de Barthel (IB), para medir la dependencia funcional en las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria. Resultados: Predomina el género femenino con el 52.7% representado por 193 participantes, la mayoría son casadas y amas de casa. De acuerdo con el IB la mayoría de los participantes tiene una dependencia leve, con una frecuencia de 206 y un porcentaje de 56.3%, y el cruce de variables arroja como resultado una relación significativa. Conclusión: Los adultos mayores de la comunidad de Tula de Allende presentan un nivel de dependencia funcional leve.
Introduction: Functional status assesses people's ability to carry out daily activities; when these cannot be performed autonomously, a caregiver is necessary. This measure is based on the Roy Adaptation Model, which identifies the aging process as the focal stimulus that generates an effect according to the interdependence mode. Objective: To evaluate the level of functional dependence of the elderly in the community of Tula de Allende, Hidalgo. Material and methods: Quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study of basic applicability. 366 older adults from Tula de Allende participated and were informed about confidentiality terms in accordance with the General Health Law and the Declaration of Helsinki through informed consent. The Barthel Index (BI) questionnaire was applied to measure functional dependence on daily instrumental activities. Results: The female gender predominates with 52.7% represented by 193 participants, the majority are married housewives. According to the BI, most of the participants have a slight dependency, with a frequency of 206 and a percentage of 56.3%; the correlation of variables showed statistical significance. Conclusion: Older adults in the community of Tula de Allende present a mild functional dependence level.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Adaptation, Physiological , Functional StatusABSTRACT
Este artículo presenta una revisión de las lesiones quísticas de la rodilla, con el fin de diferenciarlas entre sí y de otras patologías, utilizando casos encontrados en estudios de resonancia magnética (RM) del Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe de Medellín. Se describen las características clínicas, epidemiológicas, etiológicas y, especialmente, imaginológicas de las lesiones quísticas de la rodilla.
This article presents a review of imaging findings of cystic lesions of the knee, with the purpose of differentiating them from each other and from other diseases. This will be illustrated with MRI cases performed at Pablo Tobón Uribe Hospital of Medellín. Clinical, epidemiological, etiological and especially imaging features of cystic lesions in the knee are described.
Subject(s)
Humans , Knee , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , CystsABSTRACT
Several primary immunodeficiency diseases affecting the interleukin 12/interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) pathway have been identified, most of them characterized by recurrent and protracted infections produced by intracellular microorganisms, particularly by several species of mycobacteria. In the present study we analyzed the expression of IFN-gamma receptor (IFN-gammaR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT-1) in 4 children with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of uncommon clinical presentation. These molecules were evaluated by flow cytometry and Western blotting in B cells transformed with Epstein-Barr virus and mutations were scanned by single-strand conformational polymorphisms and DNA sequencing. The expression of IFN-gammaR1 was normal in all 4 patients. The genetic analysis of IFN-gammaR1 and IFN-gammaR2 coding sequences did not reveal any mutation. The expression of the STAT-1 molecule was similar in patients and healthy controls; however, when the phosphorylation of this transcription factor in response to IFN-gamma activation was evaluated by Western blot, a significant lower signal was evident in one patient. These data indicate that there are no alterations in the expression or function of the IFN-gammaR chains in these patients. However, the low level of STAT-1 phosphorylation found in one of these patients might be explained by a defect in one of the molecules involved in the signal transduction pathway after IFN-gamma interacts with its receptor. In the other three patients the inability to eliminate the mycobacteria may be due to a defect in another effector mechanism of the mononuclear phagocytes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child , Mycobacterium Infections , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Blotting, Western , Case-Control Studies , DNA, Bacterial , Flow Cytometry , Genome, Bacterial , Lymphocyte Count , Phenotype , Phosphorylation , Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational , TuberculosisABSTRACT
La gnatostomiasis humana es una enfermedad causada frecuentemente por el Gnathostoma spinigerum, sin embargo, se reportan cada vez más frecuentemente otras especias en la literatura mundial. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto la comunicación de cuatro casos que tuvieron confirmación histológica, provenientes de Acapulco, Gro. México